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【文章难句】
Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half.
【词汇突破】
respectively
adv. 分别地；各自地，独自地
predecessor
n. 前任，前辈
【结构分析】
本句的主干是 Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames ... and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors (including his father) had surnames。这是由 and 连接的两个分句。starting with B and C respectively 是现在分词结构作后置定语，in the first half of the alphabet 是介词短语作比较状语。
【参考译文】
因此，美国总统和副总统的姓分别以字母B和C开头；乔治·布什的前任中（包括其父）有26位的姓氏首字母再字母表的上半部，只有16位在字母表的下半部。
选自：红宝书《考研英语10年真题》
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